1. Enzymes are made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur.
2. All enzymes are proteins.
3. Amino acids that make up proteins are the basic building blocks of enzymes. The amino acid number and sequence of a specific enzyme is specific.
4. It exists in small amounts in chemical reactions.
5. High temperature (50-100°C) and exposure to ultraviolet rays destroy enzyme activity.
6. It is active in both acid and alkaline environment.
7. The enzyme is soluble in water, glycerol and mild alcohol.
8. Enzyme is degraded by ammonium sulphate, sodium chloride, picric acid etc.
9. Enzyme reactions can be unidirectional and bidirectional.
10. Enzyme action is accelerated in the presence of co-enzymes and co-factors.
11. The size of the substrate is smaller than the size of the enzyme.
12. Enzyme contains phosphorus, copper, zinc, iron, manganese, magnesium etc.