When the prosthetic group of the conjugated enzyme is formed by any biochemical substance, it is called co-enzyme. Some of the co-enzymes are-
1. FAD : Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide is abbreviated as FAD. It reacts with the dehydrogenase enzyme and converts to FADH2 by accepting or releasing hydrogen from the compound.
2. FADH2 : Reduced Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide is abbreviated as FADH2.
3. FMN: Flavin Mono Nucleotide is abbreviated as FMN.
4. NAD : Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide is abbreviated as NAD. It reacts with dehydrogenase enzyme and converts to NADH2 by accepting or releasing hydrogen from the compound.
5. NADP : Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate is abbreviated as NADP. It reacts with the enzyme dehydrogenase and releases or accepts hydrogen from the compound to NADPH2.
6. NADPH2 : Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate is abbreviated as NADPH2.
7. CO-A : Co-enzyme A is abbreviated as CO-A. CO-A is composed of vitamin B, pyrophosphate and adenylic acid. It regulates fatty acid metabolism, citric acid cycle, sterol and acetyl choline synthesis.
8. ATP : Adenosine Triphos phate is abbreviated as ATP. It provides energy for various metabolic processes.
9. ADP: Adenosine Diphosphate is abbreviated as ADP. ADP and Pi combine to form ATP.
10. Cytochrome: Cytochrome is a type of CoA. It participates in the electron transport system. It participates in carbohydrate metabolism.