The process of formation of pungametes or spermatozoa is called spermatogenesis. In the process of exflagellation, the nucleus of each microgametocyte divides to produce 4-8 nuclei. At this time 4-8 projections are formed in the cytoplasm. This is called cytoplasmic projection. One nucleus enters each projection. Each projection with a nucleus develops into a pungamete or microgamete. Pungamites swim for fertilization.