(i) Water: Red juice contains 95.5-99.5% water.
(ii) Cellular components: Saliva contains leukocytes, epithelial cells, protozoa, bacteria, yeast etc.
(iii) Gaseous component: 50 ml of carbon dioxide, 2.5 ml of nitrogen and 1 ml of oxygen are dissolved in every 100 ml of saliva.
(iv) Biomaterials: Saliva contains amino acids, cholesterol, vitamins, antigens, antibodies, mucin, urea, haptocorin, apiorphin, enzymes (tyalin, lipase, maltase, lysozyme, phosphatase, carbonic anhydrase) etc.
(v) Inorganic substances: Red blood contains sodium chloride, sodium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium thiocyanate, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate etc.