(i) Patient’s heart rate, blood pressure and diabetes are controlled before starting open heart surgery.
(ii) The patient is rendered unconscious by applying anesthesia to prevent pain.
(iii) Heparin is injected to keep the patient’s blood fluid.
(iv) Breast meat and sternum are separated by cutting.
(v) The heart is removed by opening a special instrument.
(vi) The heart is attached to the tube of the Heart-Lung machine. Blood flow is controlled by the Heart-Lung machine by cutting off the blood flow in the aorta.
(vii) Heart surgery or valve replacement if the Heart-Lung machine is fully functional.