Bone is the strongest organ of the body made up of organic and inorganic materials. The volatile matrix consists of 40% organic matter and 60% inorganic mineral salts. Contains collagen and asimucoid (mucopolysaccharide) as organic matter. Inorganic materials include calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium chloride and magnesium phosphate. Bones are hard because they contain calcium salts in the matrix. It contains 97% calcium. The ossified membrane is called periosteum. The periosteum is attached to the bone by Sharpey’s fibers. The lining of the unstable medullary cavity is called the endosteum.
The process of bone formation is called ossification. The largest bone in the human body is the femur and the smallest bone is the stapes. There are three types of bone cells. Osteocytes, osteoblasts and osteoclasts.