High yielding varieties of rice are being created through the process of hybridization. The yield of high yielding paddy is IRRI-8 90-100 maunds per acre, IRRI-5 70-75 maunds per acre and Irisail 70-75 maunds per acre. High yielding rice is IRRI-20, IRRI-28, IRRI-29 etc. The country’s food shortage has been met by cultivating these high-yielding rice. No need to import food from abroad. As a result, the country is benefiting economically.
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute developed Biryshail rice by artificial breeding between BR-20 and BR-3. The four Ufshi rice varieties developed by the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute are Chandina (BR-1), Mala (BR-2), Shahi Balam (BR-16) and Shrabani (BR-26). The country’s food needs have been met by cultivating these high-yielding rice. Foreign exchange is being earned by selling surplus rice abroad.
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BRRI) developed 17 Ufshi varieties of wheat through hybridization. High yielding wheat varieties are – Balaka, Akbar, Kanchan, Barkat, Saugat, BR-27 and BR-28. It has been possible to meet the needs of the country by cultivating high yielding wheat. Foreign dependency has decreased. As a result, the country’s economy is developing.
Disease-resistant varieties are developed by artificially breeding cultivated disease-causing crops with wild disease-resistant crops. Disease resistant varieties of rice like Mukta (BR-11), Gazi (BR-14), Mohini (BR-15), Shahi Balam (BR-16). Cultivation of resistant varieties does not require the use of pesticides. Imports of pesticides from abroad have decreased. Crop production has increased and production costs have decreased. The country is benefiting economically.
Artificial breeding has created varieties of plants that can grow in adverse environments. All these varieties have different characteristics and can tolerate drought, flood, salinity, heavy rain, no rain etc. These crops can be grown in any environment in any season. This has increased the country’s food production.
The characteristics of grain size, color, smell, taste etc. have been improved through artificial breeding.
Crops that mature at the same time are developed through artificial breeding. It saves effort and money in harvesting. Grain is not wasted. Farmers benefit economically.
The seeds of many crops fall on the field. This reduces crop yield and farmers suffer. Artificial insemination has been used to modify the seed shedding behavior of crops. It has increased crop production.