Muscles and bones are connected to each other by tendons. Therefore the movement of any organ depends on the rhythmic activity of the musculoskeletal system. Bone and muscle coordination in the knee joint is described below.
- Flexor Muscles: Hamstring muscles and gastrocnemius muscles are required to bend the knee joint backwards. The hamstring muscle consists of three muscles. biceps femoris, semimembranosus and semitendinosus. These muscles arise from the ischium of the pelvis and attach to the tibia. Their contraction brings the femur and tibia closer together and creates a fold in the knee joint.
- Extensor Muscles: The gastrocnemius muscle is the main muscle of the ball of the foot or ankle. It arises from the condyle of the femur and is attached to the calcaneus or ankle bone by the Achilles tendon. Their contraction brings the femur and tibia closer together and the knee joint bends backwards.