1. Gene fusion: The process by which two or more genes are joined to create a hybrid gene is called gene fusion. Cancer research is done by attaching another gene to a cancer-causing gene.
2. Protoplast Fusion: Fusion of two genes by joining the protoplasts of two cells is called protoplast fusion. The new plant resulting from the fusion of potato and tomato plant protoplasts is named pomato.
3. Gene amplification (Gene amplification): The process in which multiple copies of a gene are made is called gene amplification. In this process, bacteria are used to produce a large amount of vitamins, antibiotics, amino acids, etc.
4. Creation of hybridoma (Creation of hybridoma): The process in which cancer cells are combined with specific antibody-producing B-lymphocyte cells to create hybrid cells is called hybridoma. In 1975, Cesar Milstein and Georges Kohler discovered the hybridoma method.
5. Recombinant DNA Technology: By following and applying scientific and engineering principles, new DNA with new characteristics is created by combining desired DNA with plasmid DNA is called recombinant DNA.