In 1772 scientist Torti observed the protoplasm of cells. In 1835, scientist Felix Dujardin named Sarcodes. Perkinje first used the term protoplasm in 1840 and called the jelly-like liquid sarcoid as protoplasm. In 1868 Huxley called protoplasm the physical basis of life. According to Wilson, protoplasm is only an aggregate of chemical substances. Scientist Sharpo called protoplasm a system of dynamic equilibrium and Thomson called it a phenomenal state of matter in motion. The main parts of protoplasm are three. Cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.