- Lipid Membrane Model – Gorter & Grendel (1925)
- Sandwich Model or Bilayer Model – Danielli and Davson (1935)
- Micellar Model – Hiller and Hoffman (1953)
- Single Screen Hypothesis – Robertson (1959)
- Benson’s model (1966)
- Lenard & Singer’s model (1966)
- Protein crystal model – Venderkoff and Green (1970)
- Fluid-mosaic model – Singer and Nicholson (1972)