1. Formation of intracellular skeleton: Endoplasmic reticulum extends like a net inside the cell and forms the intracellular skeleton. It provides cell strength.
2. Structure of the body: Endoplasmic reticulum acts as the structure of protoplasm.
3. Speed of reaction: It increases the speed of chemical reaction. It increases biochemical activity in cells.
4. Substance transport: Endoplasmic reticulum forms the intracellular transport system. It acts as a transport pathway for various substances. It plays a major role in the transport of proteins produced in ribosomes.
5. Hydroxylating: Different types of drugs and toxic substances enter the body. The endoplasmic reticulum inactivates drugs and toxins in the hydroxylating process. As a result, the body gets rid of toxins.
6. Muscle contraction-dilation: It helps in muscle contraction-dilation.
7. Cell wall formation: It makes cellulose. Cellulose participates in making cell walls.
8. Chemical production: It produces lipids, hormones, phospholipids, steroids, glycoproteins, glycogen, vitamins and insulin.
9. Organelle formation: Endoplasmic reticulum participates in the formation of various organelles of the cell.
10. Protein synthesis: It synthesizes proteins. Proteins make up the body of organisms.
11. Cell distribution: The endoplasmic reticulum holds the cell membrane in place and distributes it uniformly.
12. As a container: It acts as a container for ribosomes and glyoxysomes.
13. Nuclear membrane formation: It participates in nuclear membrane formation in telophase.
14. Glucose production: Glucose is produced from glycogen in the process of glycogenolysis.
15. Formation of Spherosomes: Spherosomes are formed from smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
16. As a carrier: It acts as a carrier of proteins and lipids.
17. Neutralization: It neutralizes various toxic substances entering the cells.