The word Chloroplast is derived from the Greek word chloros meaning green. Chloroplast means green cell. Chloroplasts are the largest green colored organelles in the cytoplasm that produce sugary food in the process of photosynthesis. It is green in color because it contains more green pigment called chlorophyll. It is called the cell’s kitchen, carbohydrate food factory and energy conversion organ. A.F.W Schimper first observed it in plant cells in 1883 and named it chloroplast. Julius von Sachs (1832-1897), the father of plant physiology, discovered chloroplasts.