1. Germ cell formation: The process of meiosis produces sperm from male reproductive mother cell and ovum from female reproductive mother cell. So meiosis is necessary in sexually fertile organisms.
2. Embryo formation: The process of meiosis produces sperm and egg. A zygote is formed by the union of sperm and egg. The zygote divides repeatedly to form a multicellular embryo. A new organism is created from the embryo.
3. Keeping Chromosome Number Constant: Meiosis produces haploid sperm and egg. A diploid zygote is formed by the union of haploid sperm and egg. As a result, the number of chromosomes remains constant in living organisms.
4. Maintaining the identity of the species: The identity of each species is maintained by keeping the chromosome number correct. Hence all members of a particular species are physically most similar.
5. Continuity of life: Continuity of life is maintained by meiosis cell division.
6. Variation: Crossing over occurs through meiosis. Hence biodiversity is created. Biodiversity is considered as a regulator of evolution.
7. Genetic differentiation: Genetic differentiation occurs in gametes through meiosis. Hence new characteristics are created in the organism and variation can be observed in the biosphere.
8. Determining the relationship between organisms: Through meiosis, the mutual relationship between organisms can be determined.
9. Variation Creation: New arrangements of genes occur during crossing over on homologous chromosomes. As a result, new variations are created in the next generation.
10. Generation: The periodic appearance of gametophytic stage and sporophytic stage in the life cycle is called generation. Meiosis plays a direct role in plant genetics.
11. Mendelism: Gregor Johann Mendel’s theory of heredity is called Mendelism. Mendelism cannot be explained without meiosis.
12. Expression: Meiosis brings about biodiversity. And biodiversity brings the ebb and flow of expression.