In 1869, the Swiss physician and chemist Friedrich Miescher discovered a new chemical substance from the nucleus of the white blood cell of the stem cell and named it nucleon. In 1889, Richard Altmann discovered the religion of acid in nucleic and named it nucleic acid. In 1894, Albrecht Kossel identified purines, pyrimidines, sugars and phosphoric acid in nucleic acids. For this he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1910. In 1921 Phoebus Lavine discovered two types of nucleic acids DNA and RNA. In 1950, Yerwin Chargaff demonstrated that the nucleotide composition of DNA varies among species. In 1952, Hershey and Chase proved that DNA is the genetic material of organisms.