The genetic differences or variations seen in different plants or animals belonging to the same species are called genetic biodiversity or genetic diversity. It is also called intraspecific variation. Inbreeding occurs between members of these species. Species with greater genetic diversity also have greater adaptive capacity. If a gene is susceptible to a disease, it is passed down from generation to generation. Although humans are of the same species (Homo sapien), there are many differences in size, shape, skin color, hair color etc. due to genetic reasons. Genetic variation occurs due to allelic variation of genes in species. New alleles of genes can be created due to mutation. Siddique Publications
Importance of genetic diversity
(i) Greater variation occurs when a species has more genetic variation. As a result, it helps the organism to survive in the changing environment.
(ii) Genetic variation leads to variety of physical characteristics in organisms. So survival and adaptability in nature increases.Dr. Siddiq Publications
(iii) Genetic diversity reduces the re-emergence of heritable unwanted traits.
(iv) Organisms with low genetic diversity are always under threat.
(v) Genetic diversity helps in resistance to parasites, pests and diseases.
(vi) Genetic diversity protects species from extinction. Because it has survival properties. Dr. Siddiq Publications