1. A gene is the smallest piece of DNA.
2. Genes are hereditary components. It carries hereditary characteristics.
3. It is self-reproducing. That is, genes have the ability to reproduce.
4. It is located in the chromosomal locus.
5. It causes variation, mutation and evolution of organisms.
6. It is made up of nucleic acids.
7. Multiple genes are responsible for a trait.
8. New genes are formed by rearranging the elements of the gene.
9. Genes are arranged in linear order on chromosomes.
8. 3 constitutive genes of lactose operon and 5 constitutive genes of tryptophan.
9. Multiple genes combine to express a trait. Drosophila eye color is controlled by 20 genes.
10. A gene controls multiple traits. The skin and hair color of albinos (humans) is caused by a single gene mutation.
11. The genes of some viruses (plant viruses) are made up of RNA.