Category: Biology Second Paper

An infectious virus composed of nucleic acid and capsid is called virion. It contains 2000-2130 capsomeres.

1. Vaccination or vaccine Vaccines are made from virus to prevent some diseases caused by viruses. Vaccines for smallpox, polio, dropsy, jaundice, cholera, plague, blood dysentery, typhoid etc. are made from virus.
2. Some phage virus are used as medicine in bacterial diseases like cholera, typhoid, dysentery and plague. Dr. Siddiq Publications

1. Human Diseases: Virus cause serious diseases like human measles, polio, rabies, influenza, jaundice, herpes, dengue, hepatitis, Ebola, AIDS, SARS, swine flu, cancer etc. Virus that cause cancer in the human body are called oncogenic virus. DNA viruses that cause cancer are called simian and RNA viruses are called retroviruses. Human papillary virus (HPV) causes tumors, Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV) causes skin cancer and hepatitis-C virus causes liver cirrhosis.
2. Plant Diseases: Diseases like plant mosaic, leafroll, tomato bushistant, rice tungro, papaya ring spot, banana bunchy top etc. are caused by virus. About 300 plant diseases are caused by virus and reduce yields.
3. Cattle Diseases: Bovine Spring Disease; Foot and mouth disease in cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, pigs, etc. and rabies in dogs and cats are caused by virus.
4. Poultry Diseases: Poultry diseases such as avian, influenza, bird flu, swine flu etc. are caused by virus.
5. Silkworm disease: Nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) causes silkworm disease. This resulted in a disaster in the silk industry. Dr. Siddiq Publications
6. Death disease AIDS: AIDS is the most discussed viral disease in the world today. This disease is caused by HIV. Due to this disease, the immune system of the body decreases and people die.
7. Hepatitis or Jaundice: Jaundice is caused by hepatitis-A, B, C, D and E virus. This virus causes cirrhosis of the liver. The level of bilirubin in the blood increases. The skin of the body, face, eyes and saliva are yellow in color. The color of urine is dark yellow. Head, muscle and bone pain. Water accumulates in the stomach and legs. Dr. Siddiq Publications
8. Ebola Virus: The Ebola virus causes various cells in the body to burst. Bleeding from the eyes, nose, ears and throat. The body aches and the patient feels restless.
9. Bird Flu: Bird flu is caused by Avian Influenza Virus. Due to this virus, the body is infected. Body aches. Ga massas massas. Cold, sneezing and coughing. Headache and muscle pain. Nausea and vomiting. Diarrhea occurs.
10. Swine flu: Swine flu is caused by Swine Influenza Virus. This virus causes chills and irritation. Runny nose, itchy throat and cough. Eyes sting and water. Body aches. Shortness of breath. Diarrhea occurs. The body becomes weak, tired and hungry.
11. Zika virus: The Zika virus is spread by mosquitoes. This virus causes red spots or rashes on the body. Headache and lethargy occur. Muscle aches. Body aches. The eyes become red, the eyes hurt and it is called conjunctivitis. Chills and fever in the body. Arthritis and joint pain in the body.
12. SARS virus: SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) is a deadly virus. This virus causes headaches. Muscle aches. Cough. Dyspnea and pneumonia occur.
13. Sars Corona Virus: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome The disease caused by coronavirus is called SARS. The disease is transmitted from bats to humans. In 2003, about 800 people died in China, Taiwan, Canada and other countries due to Sars disease.
14. MERS Corona Virus: The disease caused by Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus is called MERS. The disease is transmitted from bats to humans. In 2003, Mars disease killed many people in the Middle East.
15. Sars Corona Virus-2: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome The disease caused by Coronavirus-2 is called SARS-2. The disease is globally known as COVID-19. Humans have been infected from bats in Yunnan, China. Six million people died from the disease from 2019-2023. Dr. Siddiq Publications
16. Nipah virus: Nipah is an RNA virus. Bats are carriers of this virus. The human body is infected through the juice of raw dates. This virus causes dizziness and headaches. Muscle and throat pain. Trincha occurs, the patient becomes unconscious. Pneumonia occurs and acute respiratory distress occurs.
17. Chikungunya: Chikungunya is an α-virus (RNA). The attack of this virus causes severe headache. Rash on the body. The body becomes weak. Joint pain in body joints. Body feels cold and has high fever. Nausea and vomiting. Red rash can be seen on the skin

Chikungunya is an α-virus (RNA). Its carriers are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Chikungunya was first discovered in 1952 in Tanzania, Africa. It was first caught in Bangladesh in 2008. Chikungunya spread widely in Bangladesh in April-May 2017. Chikungunya is also known as Langra Zor.
Chikungunya symptoms
The attack of this virus causes severe headache. Rash on the body. The body becomes weak. Joint pain in body joints. Body feels cold and has high fever. Nausea and vomiting. Red rash can be seen on the skin.

In 1999, the first outbreak of Nipah virus occurred in pig farms in Malaysia. Bats are carriers of this virus. It is transmitted to the human body through the raw juice of dates. It is an RNA virus. The attack of this virus causes complications in breathing.
Nipah virus symptoms
This virus causes dizziness and headaches. Muscle and throat pain. Trincha occurs, the patient becomes unconscious. Pneumonia occurs and acute respiratory distress occurs.

The disease that Zika virus causes is called Zika virus. In 1947, the Zika virus was first detected in rhesus monkeys living in the Zika forest in Uganda. It is spread by mosquitoes. In March 2016, Zika virus was detected in Chittagong district of Bangladesh. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes are the vectors of Zika virus.
Symptoms of the Zika virus virus
The Zika virus is spread by mosquitoes. This virus causes red spots or rashes on the body. Headache and lethargy occur. Muscle aches. Body aches. The eyes become red, the eyes hurt and it is called conjunctivitis. Chills and fever in the body. Arthritis and joint pain in the body.

Swine flu is caused by Swine Influenza virus. Swine flu is caused by influenza viruses H5N1 and H1N1. Swine flu was detected in April 2009. Humans and pigs are infected by this virus. Thousands of chickens die from this disease every year in Bangladesh. In India, 34,000 people were infected in February 2015. Dr. Siddiq Publications
Symptoms of swine flu virus
Swine flu is caused by Swine Influenza Virus. This virus causes chills and irritation. Runny nose, itchy throat and cough. Eyes sting and water. Body aches. Shortness of breath. Diarrhea occurs. The body is weak, tired and hungry.

Bird flu is caused by Avian Influenza virus (Hemagglutinin-1 Neuraminidase type-1=H1N1). In 2008, bird flu became an epidemic in Bangladesh and West Bengal. The disease affected poultry and destroyed the poultry industry.
Due to this virus, the body is infected. Body aches. Ga massas massas. Cold, sneezing and coughing. Headache and muscle pain. Nausea and vomiting. Diarrhea is.

Ebola is a deadly virus. In 1976, a farmer died of the virus on the banks of the Ebola River in Congo, Africa. The dead farmer’s eyes, nose, ears and throat were bleeding. The virus was named Ebola virus after the river. An outbreak of the Ebola virus in Zaire, Africa. In 2014-15, the Ebola outbreak killed 11,000 people, including 250 health workers, in Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia. Symptoms appear within 2-21 days.

Numerous viruses have become epidemic and spread rapidly among people. Viruses that cause global epidemics are:
(i) HIV : The virus that causes the deadly disease AIDS is HIV. It destroys human white blood cells. The body’s immune system is reduced or destroyed. In Bangladesh, the number of AIDS patients and the number of deaths are increasing.
(ii) Ebola virus: Ebola is a deadly virus. In 1976, a farmer died of the virus on the banks of the Ebola River in Congo, Africa. The dead farmer’s eyes, nose, ears and throat were bleeding. The virus was named Ebola virus after the river. An outbreak of the Ebola virus in Zaire, Africa. In 2014-15, the Ebola outbreak killed 11,000 people, including 250 health workers, in Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia. Symptoms appear within 2-21 days.
(iii) Bird flu virus: Bird flu disease is caused by Avian Influenza virus (Hemagglutinin-1 Neuraminidase type-1=H1N1). In 2008, bird flu became an epidemic in Bangladesh and West Bengal. Poultry affected by this disease and the poultry industry was destroyed.
(iv) Swine flu virus: Swine flu is caused by Swine Influenza virus. Swine flu is caused by influenza viruses H5N1 and H1N1. Swine flu was detected in April 2009. Humans and pigs are infected by this virus. Thousands of chickens die from this disease every year in Bangladesh. In India, 34,000 people were infected in February 2015.
(v) Zika virus: The disease caused by Zika virus is called Zika virus. In 1947, the Zika virus was first detected in rhesus monkeys living in the Zika forest in Uganda. It is spread by mosquitoes. In March 2016, Zika virus was detected in Chittagong district of Bangladesh. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes are the vectors of Zika virus. Dr. Siddiq Publications
(vi) Nipah virus: The first outbreak of Nipah virus occurred in pig farms in Malaysia in 1999. Bats are carriers of this virus. It is transmitted to the human body through the raw juice of dates. It is an RNA virus. The attack of this virus causes complications in breathing.
(vii) Chikungunya: Chikungunya is an α-virus (RNA). Its carriers are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Chikungunya was first discovered in 1952 in Tanzania, Africa. It was first caught in Bangladesh in 2008. Chikungunya spread widely in Bangladesh in April-May 2017. Chikungunya is also known as Langra Zor.