1. Dwarfism: Deficiency of STH causes dwarfism.
2. Acromicria: Acromicria occurs when the secretion of the pituitary gland is low.
3. Gigantism: Gigantism occurs when the amount of STH is high.
4. Simond’s disease: Simond’s disease occurs when the pituitary gland fails to function.
5. Addison: Addison occurs when the secretion of the adrenal cortex is low.
6. Cushing’s: Cushing’s occurs when the secretion of the adrenal cortex is high.

Excess thyroxine hormone causes gout. Excitement, insomnia, roughness, irritable mood and emotional tendencies occur in this disease.

Lack of thyroxine hormone causes myxedema. This disease causes fatigue and drowsiness. Hair falls out, skin becomes scaly and the face swells. The voice is croaky like a frog.

Cretinism is caused by underactive thyroid gland. In this, the child becomes chubby, slender and strong. The child is delayed in teething, talking and standing. The child’s inertia and stupidity can be seen on the face. Saliva discharge from the mouth and the stomach is enlarged.

Excess fat deposits on the face, neck and buttocks due to overactivity of the adrenal cortex. This condition is called Cushing’s syndrome.

When an excess amount of growth hormone is secreted in old age, the bones of the human hand and face grow abnormally and take the shape of a gorilla.

If an excess amount of growth hormone is secreted during childhood before bone formation, people become gigantic.

People become dwarfs if they do not secrete adequate amount of growth hormone during childhood

1. Dwarfism: People become dwarfs if they do not secrete adequate amount of growth hormone during childhood
2. Gigantism: If an excess amount of growth hormone is secreted during childhood before bone formation, people become gigantic.
3. Gorillaness: When an excess amount of growth hormone is secreted in old age, the bones of the human hand and face grow abnormally and take the shape of a gorilla.
4. Cushing’s syndrome: Excess fat deposits on the face, neck and buttocks due to overactivity of the adrenal cortex. This condition is called Cushing’s syndrome.
5. Cretinism: Cretinism is caused by underactive thyroid gland. In this, the child becomes chubby, slender and strong. The child is delayed in teething, talking and standing. The child’s inertia and stupidity can be seen on the face. Saliva discharge from the mouth and the stomach is enlarged.
6. Myxedema: Lack of thyroxine hormone causes myxedema. This disease causes fatigue and drowsiness. Hair falls out, skin becomes scaly and the face swells. The voice is croaky like a frog.
7. Gout: Excess thyroxine hormone causes gout. Excitement, insomnia, roughness, irritable mood and emotional tendencies occur in this disease.
8. Tetanus: Tetanus occurs due to lack of parathormone. In this disease, muscle contraction occurs rapidly, the wrist and thumb bend.
9. Diabetes: Lack of insulin hormone causes diabetes. In this disease, the amount of glucose in the blood decreases and there is frequent urination. Hunger and thirst increase. The patient becomes weak and exhausted.

1. Digestion: Hormones like gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin, pancreaginin, villikinin, enterogastrin etc. digest food.
2. Regulation of metabolism: Thyroxine, insulin, glucagon, glucocorticoid etc. hormones regulate sugar metabolism. The hormones testosterone and estrogen regulate protein metabolism.
3. Water balance: Antidiuretic hormone regulates water balance in the body.
4. Maintaining ion balance: Aldosterone hormone maintains the balance of Na+ and K+ ions in the body.
5. Puberty: During puberty, hormones such as testosterone, progesterone, estrogen, andosterone develop sexual characteristics.
6. Protein synthesis: Thyroxine hormone takes part in protein synthesis.
7. Red blood cell production: Erythropoietin hormone is released from the kidneys. It regulates red blood cell production.
8. Immunity: Thymosin hormone makes the body immune to diseases by producing lymphocytes and antibodies.
9. Reproductive Process: Testosterone and estrogen hormones stimulate the production of gonads and sexual intercourse. The hormone progesterone regulates pregnancy.
10. Blood pressure: Hormones like epinephrine, nor-epinephrine, vasopressin etc. increase blood pressure in the body.
11. Childbirth: Oxytocin hormone helps in childbirth by causing contraction of uterine muscles.
Nervous red milky color blood pressure secretion labor
12. Milk secretion: Estrogen, prolactin, growth hormone etc. control the growth and milk secretion of the mammary glands.
13. Transmission of nervous excitement: Adrenaline and norepinephrine hormones help in the transmission of nervous excitement.
14. Control of body color: Adrenocorticotropic hormone regulates body color by controlling the production of melanin.
15. Control of emergency situations: Adrenaline and no-adrenaline hormones cause vasoconstriction to release sweat and protect against emergency situations.
16. Excretion: Aldosterone increases the rate of K excretion and epinephrine decreases urine production.