Lipid profile tests measure cholesterol and fat levels in the blood. This test looks at total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride (TG) levels.

Unsaturated fatty acids that are essential for the body but are not produced in the body, must be taken with food are called essential fatty acids. It is of two types. Linoleic acid or omega-3 and linolenic acid or omega-6. This acid regulates heart cell life and death, immune system functions and blood pressure. Marine fish oil, flax seed oil, hemp seed oil, walnuts and vegetables are rich in essential fatty acids.
Fatty acids that are required by the body and produced in the body are called non-essential fatty acids. Contains essential fatty acids such as arachidic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid.

If the hydrogen is on the opposite side of the double bond between the two carbons of a fatty acid, it is called a trans fatty acid. It is harmful to the body.

If the hydrogen of the double bond of two carbons of fatty acid is on the same side, it is called cis fatty acid. It is beneficial for the body (olive oil).

A fatty acid with a double bond at the 3rd carbon after the last CH3 is called an omega-3 and a double bond at the 6th carbon is called an omega-6. Omega-3 and Omega-6 are essential fatty acids. It is not produced in the body. To be taken with food. It is more necessary in the formation of the brain and eyes.

Fatty acids that have a double or triple bond (C=C) in their hydrocarbon chain are called unsaturated fatty acids. Humans and mammals cannot form a double bond after the 9th carbon of a fatty acid. So we need to add some unsaturated fatty acids to our diet. This is why linoleic and linolenic acids are called essential fatty acids. Plant-derived unsaturated fatty acids are beneficial for human health. So the lack of nutrients in the body is fulfilled. For example, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid etc.
Properties of unsaturated fatty acids
(i) Carbon atoms of unsaturated fatty acids are joined by divalent bonds.
(ii) Its melting point is relatively low.
(iii) It is an essential fatty acid.
(iv) It is high in phytonutrients.
(v) It is liquid at normal temperature (20°C).

A fatty acid whose hydrocarbon chain is joined by a single bond (C-C) is called a saturated fatty acid. Its molecular symbol is CH3(CH2)nCOOH (n=18). It accumulates in the artery walls and stops blood flow. The result is heart disease. Such as lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, linoseric acid etc.
Properties of saturated fatty acids
(i) Carbon atoms of saturated fatty acids are joined by covalent bonds.
(ii) Its melting point is relatively high.
(iii) It is not an essential fatty acid.
(iv) It is high in animal fat.
(v) It remains solid at normal temperature (200C).

In the dehydration reaction, one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acid combine to form simple lipids called triglycerides. Triglyceride is an alcohol. It contains 3 carbon and 3 hydroxy groups. Fatty acids are hydrocarbon chains and contain carboxyl groups. Linkage of OH side group through dehydration reaction of carboxyl group is called ester linkage. There are two types of triglycerides. Saturated or unsaturated and unsaturated. Dr. Siddiq Publications

Triglyceride or Fatty acids : Definition, classification and function
In the dehydration reaction, one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acid combine to form simple lipids called triglycerides. Triglyceride is an alcohol. It contains 3 carbon and 3 hydroxy groups. Fatty acids are hydrocarbon chains and contain carboxyl groups. Linkage of OH side group through dehydration reaction of carboxyl group is called ester linkage. There are two types of triglycerides. Saturated or unsaturated and unsaturated. Dr. Siddiq Publications
1. Saturated
A fatty acid whose hydrocarbon chain is joined by a single bond (C-C) is called a saturated fatty acid. Its molecular symbol is CH3(CH2)nCOOH (n=18). It accumulates in the artery walls and stops blood flow. The result is heart disease. Such as lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, linoseric acid etc.
Properties of saturated fatty acids
(i) Carbon atoms of saturated fatty acids are joined by covalent bonds.
(ii) Its melting point is relatively high.
(iii) It is not an essential fatty acid.
(iv) It is high in animal fat.
(v) It remains solid at normal temperature (200C).
2. Unsaturated
Fatty acids that have a double or triple bond (C=C) in their hydrocarbon chain are called unsaturated fatty acids. Humans and mammals cannot form a double bond after the 9th carbon of a fatty acid. So we need to add some unsaturated fatty acids to our diet. This is why linoleic and linolenic acids are called essential fatty acids. Plant-derived unsaturated fatty acids are beneficial for human health. So the lack of nutrients in the body is fulfilled. For example, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid etc.
Properties of unsaturated fatty acids
(i) Carbon atoms of unsaturated fatty acids are joined by divalent bonds.
(ii) Its melting point is relatively low.
(iii) It is an essential fatty acid.
(iv) It is high in phytonutrients.
(v) It is liquid at normal temperature (20°C).

Fat soluble vitamins are:
(i) Vitamin-A: Beta-carotene is converted into vitamin-A. Natural vitamin-A is available in liver, milk, ghee, eggs etc. Deficiency of vitamin-A causes dry skin, acne and stunted growth. It maintains the normal functions of the mucous membrane. Beta-carotene causes phototropism. Rhodopsin helps in normal vision of the eye.
(ii) Vitamin-D : Natural vitamin-D is found in liver, ghee, fish oil and eggs. It increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus. It affects bone mineral deposition. Lack of this causes bone disease.
(iii) Vitamin-E : Vitamin-E is an important antioxidant. Vitamin-E is found in vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, whole grains and wheat. Vitamin-E protects cells from the effects of oxidative damage. Dr. Siddiq Publications
(iv) Vitamin-K : Vitamin-K is found in dark green vegetables. It helps in blood clotting.