1. Digested in the mouth
(i) Tyalin enzyme breaks down starch and glycogen into maltose, maltotriose and isomaltose.
(ii) Maltose is converted into glucose under the action of maltase enzyme.
2. Digestion in the stomach
(i) Lysozyme destroys bacteria ingested with food.
3. Digestion in the pancreatic juice of the small intestine
(i) The enzyme amylase breaks down starch and glycogen into maltose, maltotriose and dextin.
(ii) Maltose is converted to glucose in the presence of maltase enzyme.
4. Digestion in the intestinal juice of the small intestine
(i) Amylase enzyme breaks down starch and dextin into maltose, maltotriose and minor dextin.
(ii) Maltose and glucose are produced from isomaltose under the action of isomaltase enzyme.
(iii) Maltotriase enzyme breaks down maltotriose into glucose.
(iv) Glucose is produced from maltose under the action of maltase enzyme.
(v) Sucrase enzyme breaks down sucrose into glucose and fructose.
(vi) Glucose and galactose are produced from lactose under the action of lactase enzyme.
Carbohydrates are complex biochemical substances. It is complex, insoluble and non-absorbable for the organism. It is of no benefit to the organism. Sugars are digested into glucose and fructose by the action of various enzymes. Glucose and fructose are simple, soluble and absorbable by the body. Our body cells absorb glucose and fructose. It is this glucose and fructose that gives energy to our body.