The environmental or ecological differences or differences between different types of organisms are called ecological diversity or ecosystem diversity. Ecological diversity arises when the physical, biological and chemical components of the natural environment change. For example, desert biome, forest biome, grassland biome, tundra biome etc.
Importance of species diversity
(i) Ecological diversity leads to decomposition of waste materials and increases soil fertility.Dr. Siddiq Publications
(ii) Ecological diversity controls plant pollination and predators.
(iii) Ecological diversity regulates productivity and stress tolerance. Siddiq Publications
(iv) Ecological diversity provides essential raw materials for the ecosystem.