1. Body structure and physical growth: The number of cells in the body increases through mitosis cell division. It forms the organism’s body and physical growth takes place.
2. Reproduction: The number of reproductive cells increases by mitosis in the process of spermatosis and oogenesis. Lower class plants reproduce by mitosis. Chlamydomonas and Chlorella reproduce by mitosis.
3. Chromosome Equality or Continuity: In the absence of mitosis cell division, the number of chromosomes in the body cells of the organism will not be equal. In this, the maternal quality will not remain intact in the organism’s body.
4. Balance of nucleus and cytoplasm: In the process of mitosis, the cytoplasm and nucleus of the organism are divided once. As a result, equality is maintained. So the balance of nucleus and cytoplasm is preserved (NP index = Nucleoplasmic index).
5. Propagation: Roots are produced by mitosis division by cutting, layering, grafting etc.
6. Wound healing: When a wound occurs anywhere in the organism, it is healed through mitosis. But if mitosis does not occur it will never be completed.
7. Reproduction: The lifespan of any cell in the living body is limited. After all these cells are destroyed, they are produced again and again in the process of mitosis.
8. Specific size-volume: The size and volume of the organism is determined by mitosis cell division.
9. Genital formation and increase in the number of reproductive cells: Genital formation occurs in multicellular organisms through mitosis cell division. This process is necessary to increase the number of reproductive cells.
10. Stability of qualitative characteristics: The quality of progeny cells produced by mitosis cell division is similar to that of the mother cell. That is, there is no change in quality. So the qualitative characteristics remain stable in the living world.
11. Cancer formation: Uncontrolled mitosis cell division is called neoplasia. If the neoplasia cells are confined to one place, it is called benign neoplasia. When the resulting cells spread to different parts of the body, it is called malignant neoplasia. Neoplasia causes cancer and tumors.
12. Continuous Replenishment: Cells that have a fixed lifespan are replenished through mitosis. Mitosis replaces old and damaged cells.
13. Maintenance of genetic homogeneity: In mitosis cell division, cell quality remains intact and no genetic changes occur. As a result, the genetic homogeneity or stability of the cells is maintained.
14. Orderly Growth: Orderly growth of the body occurs through mitosis cell division. In this, the number and quality of chromosomes of the offspring cells are the same, so the growth of the organism is orderly.
15. Red blood cell production: The lifespan of red blood cells is 120 days. Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow and liver in the process of mitosis.
16. Chemical Balance: Nucleic acid, protein and other chemical substances balance is maintained as the number of chromosomes in the progeny cells created in the process of mitosis is equal.
17. Uncontrolled mitosis: Uncontrolled mitosis causes tumors and cancer in the body.