1. Menstrual closed: Follicle inhibitor drugs are used to stop the woman’s normal menstrual cycle. The medicine is injected or applied in the nose for two weeks.
2. Stimulation: Fertility drugs are used to stimulate the woman to produce eggs. If the drug is applied for 12 days, multiple eggs are produced.
3. Egg retrieval: Eggs are matured by applying hormones. The wife is given painkillers. The hollow needle of the follicular aspiration device is inserted into the woman’s ovaries. The fertilized eggs are then collected along with the fluid. Sometimes the eggs are collected through the umbilical cord with a pelvic laparoscopy instrument. If the woman is unable to produce eggs, donor eggs are collected from someone else. Usually 5-10 eggs are collected and placed in an incubator.
4. Sperm retrieval: Semen is collected from male body by suction process. Semen is cleaned in a special process. Healthy and active spermatozoa are then selected and placed in the incubator by rapid rotation.
5. Fertilization: One egg from the incubator is placed in each test tube. About 100,000 sperm are mixed in the test tube for each egg. The mixing of sperm and egg is called insemination. Fertilization is completed within 24-48 hours of insemination.
6. Embryo culture: The fertilized egg or zygote divides and becomes a multicellular embryo. Embryo growth is monitored for 3-5 days in the incubator.
7. Embryo transfer and implantation: Within 3-5 days of egg collection, dividing embryos are transferred to the woman’s uterus. The fertilized egg is placed through the cervix into the uterus with the help of a narrow tube or catheter. Implantation can be confirmed by ultrasound examination. Pregnancy is considered to have occurred when the embryo is implanted.

1. If the husband’s viable sperm count is low.
2. When the wife of a childless couple is old.
3. If the wife has ovarian problems.
4. If there is a problem in the wife’s uterus.
5. If the sperm cannot reach the fallopian tubes.
6. If you have endometriosis.
7. If there is a birth defect.
8. More than 10% of the world’s infertile couples can have children.

In vitro fertilization is composed of the Latin in vitro meaning inside the glass and fertilization meaning fertilization. It means fertilization inside the glass. Artificial insemination or IVF is the process in which sperm and egg unite in a glass container outside the body and the fertilized egg is implanted in the uterus. It is a test tube method or assisted reproductive technology (ART) and the child is called a test tube baby.
Patrice Steptoe and Robert G. Edwards developed this method in 1978. In 2010, the father of IVF technology Dr. Robert G. Edwards was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine. Louise Brown, the world’s first test tube baby. He was born on 25 July 1978 at 11.47 pm at Oldham and District Hospital in Manchester, England. His birth weight was 2.61 kg. His mother is Peter Brown and father is Lesley. Currently there are about 50 lakh test tube babies in the world.
Reasons/needs for undertaking IVF procedure

Breastfeeding the child stops the menstruation of the mother. There is no chance of getting pregnant if you have sex during this time. But it is short time.

At the final stage of intercourse, the penis is pulled out of the vagina and ejaculated outside is called ajal. Contraception occurs due to sperm not entering the vagina. But this is not a completely secure system.

The first and last week of Raj cycle is called safe intercourse period. At this time there is no egg in the ovary. If you have sex during this time, chances of pregnancy are less

(i) Safe intercourse period: The first and last week of Raj cycle is called safe intercourse period. At this time there is no egg in the ovary. If you have sex during this time, chances of pregnancy are less
(ii) Penis withdrawal: At the final stage of intercourse, the penis is pulled out of the vagina and ejaculated outside is called ajal. Contraception occurs due to sperm not entering the vagina. But this is not a completely secure system.
(iii) Breast feeding : Breastfeeding the child stops the menstruation of the mother. There is no chance of getting pregnant if you have sex during this time. But it is short time.

The fallopian tubes or fallopian tubes of both ovaries are cut and tied. It cannot be penetrated by sperm and fertilization does not occur.

The vas deferens of both the male testicles are cut and tied. It cannot release sperm and fertilization does not occur.

Permanent method of contraception is called sterilisation. Male sterilization is vasectomy and female sterilization is tubectomy.
(i) Vasectomy: The vas deferens of both the male testicles are cut and tied. It cannot release sperm and fertilization does not occur.
(ii) Tubectomy or Ligation: The fallopian tubes or fallopian tubes of both ovaries are cut and tied. It cannot be penetrated by sperm and fertilization does not occur.