(i) Durbaghas, lemon grass and other grasses grow like carpets on the ground. So the soil cannot be washed away by rain water.
(ii) Shrubs – Grasses, reeds and other plants grow densely. Hence the flow of water slows down and soil erosion is reduced.
(iii) Paddy, wheat, barley, barley, cown and other plants grow close to the soil and densely. They prevent soil erosion.
(iv) Sugarcane, bhutra and other plants have thick and hard roots. So the soil holds back.

1. Paddy, wheat, bhutra, sorghum, barley, sugarcane, cown etc. provide the main food of the people. Out of these 4 species rice, wheat, bhutra and sugarcane meet 63% of human sugar requirement. Rice is the staple food of 60% of the world’s people. Wheat is the staple food of 35% of people.
2. Paddy rice is made into rice, chira, muridi, pitha, pies etc. Chira, Muri, pitha and pies are popular food in many countries of the world.
3. Flour, flour, semolina etc. are obtained from wheat. It is used to make roti, bread, parota, singara, biscuit etc. These foods are well known all over the world.
4. Bhutra is used to make popcorn, oats, cornflakes etc. It is used as poultry feed. It is undeniable to meet the world food demand.
5. Flour is obtained from barley or barley. Barley bran is a simple and healthy food. It is used in making Horlicks and Complan food. These foods are of world quality.
6. Molasses and sugar are obtained from sugarcane. From its molasses, alcohol, vinegar, etc. are produced in the fermentation process. Sugar and molasses are essential food ingredients all over the world.
7. Fruits and seeds of many plants are used as food. It plays a role in meeting food needs.
8. Roots, stems, leaves, flowers etc. of some plants are used as food. Hence it contributes to meeting the food demand.

1. Food security: Plants of the family Poaceae meet 63% of the sugar requirement of humans. Rice is the staple food of 60% of the world’s people. Wheat is the staple food of 35% of people. Every country in the world cultivates this family of plants to meet their food needs. It ensured world ^ food security. Thus the world economy is bearing responsibility.
2. Meeting food needs: Poaceae crops are used as food for people all over the world. Therefore, if there is a shortage of food anywhere in the world, any country provides food aid. Thus acting as a friend of the dangers of the global economy.
3. Coping with global disasters: The plants of this tribe play a role in meeting the food needs of natural disaster areas such as floods, droughts, fires, cold flows, tsunamis etc. So the world economy is saved from destruction.
4. Earning of foreign exchange: Plants of the genus Poisei can be widely cultivated and exported to meet the needs of the country. There is a great demand for crops or food of this tribe. It fills the country’s foreign exchange reserves.
5. Ensuring Foodstuffs: Foodstuffs prepared from Poaceae plants can be delivered to the people of the world. It is possible to eliminate hunger to a large extent.
6. Import equality: By selling the crops of the Poisei tribe, in exchange for money or in exchange for crops, necessary materials can be imported from any country in the world.
7. Employment: It has been possible to create employment in the country and abroad through the production of crops of the Poisei tribe and the industrial production of the crops of this tribe.
8. Global Industrialization: A large number of plants of the genus Poaceae are used as raw materials in various industries. Industrialization acts as the wheel of the world economy.

1. Human food: Paddy, wheat, bhutra, sorghum, barley, sugarcane, cown etc. provide the main food of the people. Out of these 4 species rice, wheat, bhutra and sugarcane meet 63% of human sugar requirement. Rice is the staple food of 60% of the world’s people. Wheat is the staple food of 35% of people.
2. Livestock food: Thousands of species of grasses are the main food of domestic animals like cows, buffaloes, goats, sheep etc. Durbaghas, carpet grass, paddy straw, wheat husk, grass etc. are notable among cow-feed.
3. Molasses and sugar production: Molasses and sugar are produced from sugarcane. Various food products are made from molasses and sugar.
4. Aromatic cosmetics: Aromatic oils and cosmetics are made from lemon grass and ginger grass.
5. Preparation of medicines: Valuable medicines are prepared from the plants of this tribe.
6. As a herb: Durbaghas is used as an herb to stop bleeding and heal wounds. Argot mixture is made from the argot of the rye plant. Argot mixture is applied as an antidote to uterine contractions in labour.
7. Paper making: Paper is made from bamboo, reeds, reeds and sugarcane.
8. Fuel: Fuel is available from paddy, wheat, bhutra, sugarcane, bamboo etc.
9. Construction material: Bamboo is used as construction material. Chana, Ikar, Kash etc. are used in house construction.
10. Industrially: Bread, biscuits, alcohol, vinegar etc. are made from the plants of this tribe.
11. Making a beautiful garden: Different types of grass are planted in the lawn of the garden to increase the beauty.
12. Weeds: Weeds grow in the crop land and damage the crops.
13. Making drinks: Lemon grass and ginger grass are used to make drinks.
14. Drugs: Chitagur is the waste material of sugar mills. Ethyl alcohol, methylated spirits and country liquor are produced from Chitagur.
15. Preventing Land Erosion: Grasses prevent soil erosion of roads and embankments. Therefore grass plants are planted to prevent landslides.

Grain-like seeds that are edible by humans are called grains or cereals. Rice, wheat, bhutra, barley, cown, sugar etc. are the main cereal food of people. Cereal food-producing plants belong to the family Poaceae or Gramineae.

1. Oryza sativa: Rice is the main food grain of the world. Paddy rice is made into rice, chira, muri, pitha, pies etc. Its straw is used as fodder and fuel. Edible oil and poultry feed are made from rice bran. In tribal areas country liquor is made from rice.
2. Triticum aestivum: Wheat is the second major food grain in the world. Flour, flour, semolina etc. are obtained from wheat. It is used to make roti, bread, parota, singara, biscuit etc. Its straw is used as fodder and fuel.
3. Zea mays: Popcorn, oats, cornflakes etc. are made from Bhutra. It is used as poultry feed and fuel.
4. Hordeum vulgare: Flour is obtained from barley or barley. Barley bran is a simple and healthy food. It is used in making Horlicks and Complan food.
5. Setaria italica: Rice, pitha, pies, dudhi, kshir etc. It is used as poultry and cattle feed.
6. Saccharum officinarum: Molasses and sugar are obtained from sugarcane. Alcohol, vinegar, methylated spirit, country liquor etc. are produced from Chitagur or molasses by fermentation process. Paper and Pertex are made from sugarcane pulp. It provides fuel.
7. Bambusa tulda: Bamboo is a tall tree-like primitive grass. 28 species of bamboo grow in Bangladesh. Bamboo is thick, woody and tall. Its flower features, hollow center and other characteristics are grass-like. Hence it is called grass. It is used to make upholstery and furniture. Bamboo plays an immense role in our daily activities.
8. Cynodon dactylon: Durbaghas is used as lawn, animal fodder and medicinal plant. It acts as an herb to stop bleeding and heal wounds.
9. Cymbopogon citranus: Lemon grass is a lemon-scented grass. It is used in making perfume oil and cosmetics. It is also used in making Chinese soup.
10. Thysanolaema maxima: This grass is called a shrub because it is made into a shrub. It grows in hilly areas.
11. Phragmites karka: Reeds are used to make paper pulp and many other things. It grows in wetlands.
12. Avena sativa: This plant produces food crops.
13. Andropogon aciculatus: Thistle is a common weed.

Some other plants of Poaceae family: Sorghum (Sorghum vulgare), millet (Pennisetum typhoides), root bamboo (Melocanna bambusoides), Kashflower (Saccharum spontaneum), China (Panicum miliaceum), sorghum (Imperata cylindrica), Ikar (Eranthus ravannae), Vetiveria zizanioides etc.

The perianth and panicles of monocots together form a separate organ. It is called inflorescence or perianth. Small leaf-like inflorescences are called lodicules. These are 2 in number, rarely 3 or absent. Plants like betel nut, amlaki, coconut, lily, ulatchandal, kalabati, banana, rajnigandha etc. have flowers.

1. Nature: The plant is annual or perennial herbaceous. Sometimes trees (bamboo).
2. Root: Bunch root.
3. Stem: The stem is cylindrical and hollow in the middle. Sometimes Niret (Akh, Bhutra). The hollow stem is called Culm (rice, wheat, barley, sorghum, cown, bamboo).
4. Leaves: Leaves are simple, alternate, biseriate, sessile, parallel and semi-stemmed. The leaf consists of three parts. Sheath, leaflet and ligule. Leaf veins are parallel.
5. Inflorescence: Inflorescence spikelet. At the base of the spikelet there are two dry glumes. This is called zero gloom. Glum-1 and null Glum-2. Above the null glume are two more flowering glumes. Lemma and Palea. The lower one is called lemma (Greek word lemma means chaff) and the upper one is called palea (Latin word palea means chaff). The flower is above the palea. Lemma can be compared to bract and palea to bractule.
6. Flower: The flower of the grass family is called Puspika. They are unisex or bisexual. Flowering symbionts (Zinia).
7. Perianth: The perianth and panicles of monocots together form a separate organ. It is called inflorescence or perianth. Small leaf-like inflorescences are called lodicules. These are 2 in number, rarely 3 or absent. Plants like betel nut, amlaki, coconut, lily, ulatchandal, kalabati, banana, rajnigandha etc. have flowers.
8. Stamens: Stamens 3, rarely 6 (bamboo, rice). Anthers are two-celled, linear, obovate and split longitudinally. Dr. Siddique Publications
9. Uterus: One chambered uterus, 1 uterus, 1 uterus and 2 uterus. Garbamund feather-like and lateral. Ovary rudimentary and erect.
10. Immortality: Basic.
11. Fruit: caryopsis.
12. Seed: The embryo is tiny and located in one corner of the seed.

1. Leaves with ligules.
2. Leaf veins are parallel.
3. Leaf stem.
4. The stem is cylindrical and hollow in the middle.
5. The flowers are polymorphic and bisexual.
6. Flowers trimerous i.e. the number of petals in a flower is 3 or a multiple of 3.
7. Inflorescences are present and are known as lodicules.
8. Inflorescence spikelets.
9. The coat is linear and versatile.
10. The womb is like a feather.
11. Arrangement is key.
12. Fruit caryopsis.
13. The seeds are sessile, the embryos are microscopic-located in one corner of the seed and contain starch grains.

The family Poaceae is named after the Greek word Poa meaning grass. Poaceae or Gramineae is the largest family of monocots. In 1895, John Hendley Barnhart named the family Poaceae. Poaceae or grass family consists of 500 genera and 8000-9000 species. 113 genera and 285 species of this tribe have been identified in Bangladesh. 20% of the earth’s land is covered by this genus of plants.