1. Nature: The plant is annual or perennial herbaceous. Sometimes trees (bamboo).
2. Root: Bunch root.
3. Stem: The stem is cylindrical and hollow in the middle. Sometimes Niret (Akh, Bhutra). The hollow stem is called Culm (rice, wheat, barley, sorghum, cown, bamboo).
4. Leaves: Leaves are simple, alternate, biseriate, sessile, parallel and semi-stemmed. The leaf consists of three parts. Sheath, leaflet and ligule. Leaf veins are parallel.
5. Inflorescence: Inflorescence spikelet. At the base of the spikelet there are two dry glumes. This is called zero gloom. Glum-1 and null Glum-2. Above the null glume are two more flowering glumes. Lemma and Palea. The lower one is called lemma (Greek word lemma means chaff) and the upper one is called palea (Latin word palea means chaff). The flower is above the palea. Lemma can be compared to bract and palea to bractule.
6. Flower: The flower of the grass family is called Puspika. They are unisex or bisexual. Flowering symbionts (Zinia).
7. Perianth: The perianth and panicles of monocots together form a separate organ. It is called inflorescence or perianth. Small leaf-like inflorescences are called lodicules. These are 2 in number, rarely 3 or absent. Plants like betel nut, amlaki, coconut, lily, ulatchandal, kalabati, banana, rajnigandha etc. have flowers.
8. Stamens: Stamens 3, rarely 6 (bamboo, rice). Anthers are two-celled, linear, obovate and split longitudinally. Dr. Siddique Publications
9. Uterus: One chambered uterus, 1 uterus, 1 uterus and 2 uterus. Garbamund feather-like and lateral. Ovary rudimentary and erect.
10. Immortality: Basic.
11. Fruit: caryopsis.
12. Seed: The embryo is tiny and located in one corner of the seed.