Red blood cells, white blood cells, blood fluid and other components get stuck in the body wound and blood flow is stopped. This is called blood clotting or blood clotting. The process of blood clotting is called hemostasis.

Red blood cells, white blood cells, blood fluid and other components get stuck in the body wound and blood flow is stopped. This is called blood clotting or blood clotting. The process of blood clotting is called hemostasis. The steps in the process of hemostasis are:
1. Heparin and thrombomodulin inside blood vessels prevent blood from clotting. When a wound occurs anywhere in the body, blood flows out and the blood molecules at the wound site are broken by exposure to air. The platelets break down to form thromboplastin. Thromboplastin renders the heparin in the blood inactive or useless.
Wounded tissue ruptures and breakdown of microcirculation + air → thromboplastin
2. In the presence of calcium ions and factors VII, VIII, IX and X, thromboplastin converts the inactive prothrombin of the blood into active thrombin.
Thromboplastin + Ca++ + Prothrombin → Thrombin
3. Activated thrombin converts the blood fibrinogen protein into a fibrin formula.
Thrombin + fibrinogen → fibrin factor
4. The fibrin factor binds together to form a fibrin mesh. Fibrin mesh is a fibrin polymer.
Fibrin factor → fibrin meshwork
5. Red blood cells, white blood cells and blood fluid are trapped in the fibrin mesh. As a result, the blood flow stops and the blood clots. The blood clot appears reddish in color as the red blood cells get stuck.
Fibrin mesh + blood cell entrapment → blood clot
6. The enzyme plasmin breaks down the fibrin mesh as blood vessel remodeling begins. As a result, new tissue is formed. The wound gradually heals.

Red blood cells, white blood cells, blood fluid and other components get stuck in the body wound and blood flow is stopped. This is called blood clotting or blood clotting. The process of blood clotting is called hemostasis.

1. Nutrient transport: Lymph transports amino acids, glucose, fructose, fatty acids, glycerol etc. to cells.
2. Oxygen transport: Lymph transports oxygen to different parts of the body.
3. Carbon dioxide transport: It brings carbon dioxide from different parts of the body to the heart.
4. Food Absorption: It absorbs fatty foods.
5. Vitamin transport: Vitamins are transported through lymph.
6. Immunity: It makes the body immune to diseases by making antibodies.
7. Destruction of germs: If any germs enter the body, the lymph protects the body by eating the germs in the process of phagocytosis.
8. Temperature Balance: Heat balance is regulated throughout the body through the blood.
9. Lipid transport: Lipids are transported through lymph.
10. Defense: Lymph contains lymphocytes and monocytes. Lymphocytes and monocytes contribute to the defense.
11. Lipid transport: Lipids are transported through lymph.
12. Redistribution of fluids: Lymph transports fluid from one part of the body to another. As a result redistribution of body juices occurs.

Lymph, lymph ducts and lymph glands together are called the lymphatic system. Because the lymphatic system circulates fluid throughout the body, it is sometimes called the secondary circulatory system. In 1960 Danish scientists Olus Rudbeck and Thomas Bartholin first described the human lymphatic system. Wuchereria bancrofti worm infestation causes abnormal swelling of lymph ducts and lymph glands. It is called milk disease or filaria or elephantiasis.

Red bone marrow is a spongy, semi-solid and red colored tissue. Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are produced from red bone marrow. Most bones in children contain red bone marrow. Adults have red bone marrow in pelvis, vertebrae, sternum, carotid, clavicle, clavicle, perscha, humerus, femur etc.

The pyramidal organ located above the heart between the trachea and sternum is called the thymus. It is soft and bifurcated. Children’s thymuses are large and active. The thymus secretes the hormones thymosin and thymopoietin. Hormones regulate lymphocyte maturation. The thymus gradually turns into fat tissue during puberty. But it disappears with age. White blood cells produced in the red bone marrow reach the thymus and become T-lymphocytes. These are any immune cells that turn into T-effector, T-killer and T-helper cells and recognize viruses and bacteria.

Lymph node is a capsule-like part located in the lymph vessel. The number of lymph nodes in the human body is 400-700. It is filled with macrophages and lymphocytes. It removes microorganisms and foreign matter. The nodes clear the lymph.

The small ball-like structure on the right and left sides of the mouth and pharynx is called tonsil. There are three types of tonsils in the human body. Palatine, adenoid (pharyngeal) and lingual. It produces antibodies and lymphocytes to fight bacteria and viruses. Many times tonsils are infected by viruses and bacteria. It is called tonsillitis. Surgical removal of tonsils is called tonsillectomy.

The spleen is the largest lymph gland in the human body. It is located below the ribs and above the stomach. It is soft and dark in color. It is called blood reservoir or blood bank. It consists of two types of spleen marrow. Red marrow and white marrow. It can store 300 ml of blood. Spleen measures 13×7×3 cubic cm and weighs 150 grams. The spleen acts as the main filter of blood. As most red blood cells are destroyed in the spleen, it is called the red blood cell graveyard. It destroys germs and prevents diseases.