Aplanosporangia are formed in the fungal body in unfavorable environment. Non-flagellated cells are produced inside the aplanosporangium. These molecules are enveloped by the wall and become aplanospores. Spores germinate in favorable environment to form new filaments. Such as Mucor, Rhizopus, Fusarium etc.

One or more cells of the fungus transform to form zoosporangium. The protoplast of zoosporangium divides to produce two or more zoospores. Zoospores have two or four flagella and are motile. These zoospores germinate and give rise to new fungi. Such as Saprolegnia, Pythium, Phytophthora, Synchytrium, Mucor etc.

During asexual or sexual reproduction, the entire thallus of the fungus or part of the thallus participates in special reproductive functions. If the entire thallus is transformed into a reproductive organ, it is called holocarpic and when part of the thallus is transformed into a specialized reproductive organ, it is called eucarpic.
1. Zoospore: One or more cells of the fungus transform to form zoosporangium. The protoplast of zoosporangium divides to produce two or more zoospores. Zoospores have two or four flagella and are motile. These zoospores germinate and give rise to new fungi. Such as Saprolegnia, Pythium, Phytophthora, Synchytrium, Mucor etc.
2. Aplanospore : Aplanosporangia are formed in the fungal body in unfavorable environment. Non-flagellated cells are produced inside the aplanosporangium. These molecules are enveloped by the wall and become aplanospores. Spores germinate in favorable environment to form new filaments. Such as Mucor, Rhizopus, Fusarium etc.
3. Conidia: Spherical or ovoid conidia are produced at the tip of the conidiophore of the fungus. It can form singly or in groups like chains. The mature conidia germinate and form new mycelium. Such as Penicillium, Aspergillus, Phytophthora, Helminthosporium, Alternaria etc.
4. Oidia: Fungal hyphae may divide into two or more segments by a septate wall. Each segment is called oidea or arthronucleus. Oodia germinate in suitable environment to form new mycelium. Such as Coprinus, Rhizopus, Mucor etc.
5. Chlamydospore: In unfavorable environment hyphae of some fungi are divided into small segments by forming a wide wall. The protoplast of each segment becomes a chlamydospore enveloped by a thick wall. Chlamydospores germinate and form small hyphae. For example – Fusarium, Mucor, Phytophthora.
6. Ascospore: Spores of fungi of the class Ascomycetes are called ascospores. These spores germinate and form new mycelium. Eg- Saccharomyces, Ascobolus etc.
7. Basidiospore: Basidiospores are produced at the tip of the basidium of fungi of the order Basidiomycota. New mycelium is formed from these spores. Eg Agaricus, Puccinia, Ustilago etc.
8. Uredospore: Some fungi produce reddish or orange-red unicellular, spherical and binucleate uredospores. Each spore is covered by a two-layered coat. It germinates in favorable environment and forms new mycelium. eg Puccinia
9. Teleutospore: Some fungi produce teleutospores that are dark brown or brown in color and are two-celled, ovoid and binucleate. Each spore is covered by a two-layered coat. Each spore germinates in a suitable environment to form a new mycelium. eg Puccinia

The mycelium of the fungus is interconnected to form thick and tough rope-like organs. It is called rhizomorph. The rhizomorph germinates in a favorable environment to form new mycelium. Like Agaricus, Alternaria etc.

Nucleus at the apex of fungal hyphae gives rise to unicellular gima with considerable amount of cytoplasm. Gemma germinates in favorable environment to form new mycelium. Eg- Saprolegnia.

The mycelium of the fungus is mixed with the shelter to form a block. Later it is cultivated and propagated through culture. This is called spawn. eg Agaricus

The hyphae of any fungus intertwine to form a round or cylindrical hard and complex structure. It is called seroacem. Sucrose remains dormant in unfavorable conditions and germinates in favorable conditions. Eg Agaricus, Claviceps, Polyporus etc.

In a favorable environment, the fungus grows in size by consuming food. Outgrowths arise from the sides of the body. Buds are then produced from the secondary growth. The bud separates from the mother body and gives birth to a new fungus. For example – Saccharomyces.

Unicellular fungus takes food and grows in size and divides by fission process to produce two new fungi. E.g. Saccharomyces
Segmentation of fungi
The mycelium of multicellular fungi is divided into two or more segments by injury or physical causes. A new fungus develops from each segment. Such as Saprolegnia, Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Penicillium etc.

1. By fissin : Unicellular fungus takes food and grows in size and divides by fission process to produce two new fungi. E.g. Saccharomyces
2. Segmentation: The mycelium of multicellular fungi is divided into two or more segments by injury or physical causes. A new fungus develops from each segment. Such as Saprolegnia, Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Penicillium etc.
3. Budding: In a favorable environment, the fungus grows in size by consuming food. Outgrowths arise from the sides of the body. Buds are then produced from the secondary growth. The bud separates from the mother body and gives birth to a new fungus. For example – Saccharomyces.
4. Sclerotium: The hyphae of any fungus intertwine to form a round or cylindrical hard and complex structure. It is called seroacem. Sucrose remains dormant in unfavorable conditions and germinates in favorable conditions. Eg Agaricus, Claviceps, Polyporus etc.
5. Spon: The mycelium of the fungus is mixed with the shelter to form a block. Later it is cultivated and propagated through culture. This is called spawn. eg Agaricus
6. Gima : Nucleus at the apex of fungal hyphae gives rise to unicellular gima with considerable amount of cytoplasm. Gemma germinates in favorable environment to form new mycelium. Eg- Saprolegnia.
7. Rhizomorph: The mycelium of the fungus is interconnected to form thick and tough rope-like organs. It is called rhizomorph. The rhizomorph germinates in a favorable environment to form new mycelium. Like Agaricus, Alternaria etc.