Different types of proteins and lipids are produced in cells. Golgibodies bind these proteins and lipids to the membrane. It is then converted into lipoproteins. Lipoproteins are taken up by cisternae. Enters the medial cisterna from the cis-cisterna. From the medial cisterna comes the trans cisterna. Transports from the trans cisterna to the plasma membrane or cell membrane. Finally, lipoproteins are released. Hence Goljibodi is called traffic police.

Composed of lipoproteins that coat the corpuscles. It contains 60% protein and 40% lipid. That is, the ratio of lipid and protein is 4:6 or 2:3. It contains various enzymes, carotenoids, fatty acids, vitamin-C and vitamin-K. Golgibody enzymes are glycosyl transferase, glucose-6 phosphatase, acid phosphatase, hydrolase, transferase, NADH cytochrome reductase, thiamine pyrophosphatase, ATP-ase, ADP-ase, TTP-ase, CTP-ase etc.

There are three types of structure of Golgibody. These are-

1. Cisternae : All the gills which are narrow, long, cylindrical and parallel are called Cisternae. Its diameter is 0.5-1.0 micron. Its lumen or cavity is 500-1000 nanometers wide. 3-8 cisternae are clustered together. Each cluster is called a dictyosomes. The part of the dictyosomes facing the plasma membrane is called the trans-phase and the part facing the center of the cell is called the cis-face. All organizations are held together by intercisternal material. The number of cisternae is 3-7 in animal cells and 10-20 in plant cells. There are three types of cisterns. These are-

(i) Trans-cisterna : The last part of the trans-face is called transcisterna.

(ii) Cess-Cisterna : The terminal part of the sess-face is called the sess-cisterna.

(iii) Medial Cisterna : The middle part is called medial cisterna.

2. Vacuole: Those cells that look like spherical sacs are called vacuoles. It is the transformed part of the cistern. It is filled with granular material.
3. Vasicle : A small sac-like golibody is called a vesicle. It is located in clusters. Trans-faces and vesicles join together to form the trans-golgi network (TGN). Again, cis-faces and vesicles join to form the cis-golgi network (CGN).

Golgibodies probably originate from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. According to the scientist Navikoff (1962), the Golgi body originates from the endoplasmic reticulum. According to scientist Buch (1965), the Golgi body originates from the nuclear membrane. According to the scientist Danieli (1966), Golgibody originated from cell membrane.

Hundreds of Golgibodies are distributed individually in plant cells. Golgibodies are one or more in algal cells. Its number is several hundreds in the root cells of Bhutra.

In animal cells, Golgibodies are clustered near the nuclear membrane. Hundreds of Golgibodies are scattered in plant cells. A species of Paramoeba has 2 golibodies. Liver cells contain 50 and secretory cells have more. Spores of bacteria, fungi, fungi, mosses, ferns, and red blood cells of mammals do not contain glycoproteins.

Spherical, cylindrical and sac-like objects in the cytoplasm of cells are called Golgibodies. Golgi is a small cell unit called Golgisome. Golgi bodies are called Golgi apparatus, Golgi field, Golgi complex, Golgi apparatus, dictyosomes, idiosomes, lipochondria, carbohydrate factories etc. It is also known as cell traffic police and packaging center. It can be stained with osmium tetroxide. In 1898, the Italian physician Camillo Golgi discovered it from owl and cat nerve cells. For this he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1906. In 1954, Dalton and Felix reported the electron microscopic structure of Golgibodies. The porous structure of the corpus callosum is called fenestration.

1. Protein Factory: The main function of ribosomes is protein synthesis. It produces proteins in the process of translation. Associated ribosomes produce proteins for use in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgibodies, lysosomes, and the plasma membrane. Free ribosomes produce proteins for use in the cytoplasm, mitochondria and chloroplasts. Hence it is called protein making factory.
2. Cytochrome production: Ribosomes help in cytochrome production. Cytochrome transports electrons in the cell.
3. Metabolism of lipids: Metabolism of lipids takes place in ribosomes.
4. Phosphorylation: Phosphorylation of glucose occurs in ribosomes.
5. Effects of damaging enzymes: Ribosomes protect polypeptides from the damaging action of proteolytic enzymes and mRNA from the damaging effects of nuclease enzymes.
6. Contains enzymes: It contains protein synthesizing enzymes. This enzyme makes proteins in the process of translation.
7. rRNA Storage: Ribosomes store rRNA.
8. Genetic Code: It determines the meaning of the genetic code. Hence hereditary traits are revealed.
[The ribosomes of primitive cells are chemically different. So when tetracycline or streptomycin drugs are applied to the patient’s body, the protein synthesis of the bacteria is stopped and the bacteria is destroyed. but no harm to the patient]

The rate of sedimentation of objects of various masses during rapid rotation in a centrifuge is called Vedberg unit. It is denoted by S. It stands for the first letter S of Swedish biochemist Theodor Svedberg’s name. S=1×10-13 cm/sec/dyne/gm. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1926 for his invention of the ultracentrifuge technique for colloidal materials.