1. E. coli to produce insulin hormone. Bacteria are used. Insulin is used in diabetes.
2. Genetic engineering of E. coli bacteria is of immense importance.
3. Plasmid DNA is used to produce interferon.
4. Plasmid DNA plays an important role in gene cloning.
5. Transgenic cotton plants have been created in America using plasmid DNA.
6. Super rice has been created through biotechnology. Eating this paddy rice cures night blindness.
7. Flavor saver tomatoes have been created through biotechnology.
8. Recombinant DNA technology is creating healthy, vigorous and improved crop varieties.
9. At present, potato, apple, cotton, wheat etc. insect resistant plants have been developed.
10. The Nif gene was isolated from the nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium bacterium and inserted into the chromosomes of rice plants. This rice plant can fix nitrogen and does not require application of urea fertilizers.
11. Seedless fruits are being created around the world using recombinant DNA technology.
12. Application of herbicides on land causes extensive damage to crop plants. Transgenic plants have been created by separating the Bar gene from bacteria called Streptomyces and applying it to tomato, potato, and tobacco plants. These transgenic plants are not affected by herbicides.