(i) In the process of photosynthesis, the raw material for making food, carbon dioxide, enters the cell through the stomata. Sugars are produced from carbon dioxide. Plants with more leaves have more stomata. Due to this, the supply of carbon dioxide increases and food production increases.
(ii) Water is an important raw material in the process of photosynthesis. In the transpiration process, excess water is released through the stomata in the evapotranspiration. As a result water flow is created and water enters different cells. This water is used in the process of photosynthesis. (iii) After making food in the process of photosynthesis, oxygen released as a by-product escapes through the stomata. Oxygen is an essential element in photosynthesis. It reduces the rate of photosynthesis. Food production is accelerated when oxygen escapes through the stomata.
(iv) Each stomata contains two guard cells. The guard cell contains a large number of chloroplasts. This chloroplast produces food in the process of photosynthesis.
(v) Green accessory cells surround the stomata. Chloroplasts of accessory cells take part in the process of photosynthesis to make food.