Category: Biology Second Paper Lecture Sheet

1. Drink 8-10 glasses of pure water daily. It dilutes the thick liquid coming from the nose.
2. Repeated application of warm wet cloth compresses on the diseased area provides relief.
3. Inhalation of slightly warm water vapor or mentholated vapor through the nose 2-4 times daily provides relief.
4. Rinse the mucus and bacteria by splashing salt water in the nose. With the help of the device, the sinuses should be cleaned by flowing water quickly inside the nose.
5. Antibiotics, antihistamines, nasal drops and painkillers can be used in the initial stages.
6. Nasal saline spray should be done several times a day. Nasal spray is carefully used to open the blocked nose.
7. It is better not to travel by air or by plane if your nose is blocked.
8. Moisture repellent must be used.
9. An ear, nose and throat specialist should be consulted as soon as possible.
10. If the disease is not cured by medicine, sinus wash with saline water or operation should be done.

1. Nasal problems: Complications in the nasal cavity and nasal congestion.
2. Mouth problems: Mouth hurts, mouth smells bad. Toothache.
3. Eye problems: Eye pain. Ocular sinus infections can lead to fatal complications including periorbital and orbital cellulitis. An eye infection can damage the eye. Vision problems or blindness.
4. Head problems: headache and dizziness. Infections in the sinuses of the brain can lead to fatal complications. Infections of the brain can lead to meningitis and lesions in the brain (brain abscess).
5. Breathing problems: Asthma and difficulty in breathing. Cough at night. Seizures may occur.

1. Runny nose, continuous runny nose, still runny nose after seven days.
2. There is headache, pain in the forehead and pressing pain around the eyes.
3. It is difficult to breathe.
4. Moving the head, walking or bending the head increases the intensity of the pain.
5. Fever There is a feeling of fever, nothing feels good, tiredness and exhaustion with the slightest exertion.
6. Nasal sinuses appear cloudy on x-ray.
7. The nose is blocked, there is no sense of smell, foul-smelling breath and pus accumulates inside the nose.
8. Thick yellow or green discharge from the nose accompanied by pus or blood.
9. Cough occurs and the cough worsens at night.
10. Voice or throat breaks.
11. The face seems emotionless.

1. Almost all causes of sinusitis are viruses (Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Parainflueza Virus, Metapneumo Virus), bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae) and fungi.
2. Sinusitis occurs when the immune system is reduced due to fungal attack.
3. Allergies can cause this disease.
4. If the nasal passages are narrowed or blocked and if there is a polyp or lump inside the nose.
5. A tooth infection or a sinus infection due to tooth extraction.
6. If the dirty water enters the nasal sinuses if the dirty water is splashed.
7. If the nasal bones are bent or cracked.
8. This disease occurs when the tonsils behind the nose are enlarged.
9. Sinusitis occurs when the airways are narrowed as a result of inflammation of the nasal mucosa or when the sinus cavity is blocked by an abnormality of the septum.
10. Cystic fibrosis is caused by the gene.
11. Chronic sinusitis occurs when the Eustachian tube is abnormal and obstructed.
12. Sinusitis is caused by malnutrition, cold, pollution and damp environment.

Sinusitis can be divided into two categories on the basis of persistence. namely-
1. Acute sinusitis: If the duration of inflammation of the disease is 4-8 weeks, it is called acute sinusitis.
2. Chronic sinusitis: If the duration of inflammation of the disease is more than 2-3 months, it is called chronic sinusitis.

The face has four pairs of air-filled nasal cavities or sinuses. These are-
1. Maxillary sinus: A pair of maxillary sinuses are located in the cheek in the maxillary region. Its inflammation causes pain in the cheeks, teeth and head.
2. Ethmoid sinus: A pair of ethmoid sinuses is located between the two eyes. Its inflammation causes pain in front of the eyes, behind and in the head.
3. Sphenoid sinus: A pair of sphenoid sinuses are located behind both eyes. Its inflammation causes pain behind the eyes and on top of the head.
4. Frontal sinus: A pair of frontal sinuses are located above the eyes. Its inflammation causes pain above the eyes and on top of the head.

Sinusitis is the inflammation that occurs in the mucous membrane of the paranasal sinuses or sinuses due to viral, bacterial and fungal attacks or allergies. In medical science, the infection of the sinuses of the upper respiratory tract, i.e. the nose, ears and throat, is called sinusitis. Sinusitis is diagnosed by peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) X-ray.

Lower respiratory tract infection is an infection of the trachea and lungs. These include flu (infection of the respiratory tract), bronchitis (infection of the respiratory tract), pneumonia (infection of the lungs), tuberculosis or tuberculosis (chronic bacterial infection of the lungs).

An upper respiratory tract infection is an infection of the nose, ears, throat and sinuses. Tonsillitis (infection of the tonsils), sinusitis (infection of the sinuses), laryngitis (infection of the larynx), otitis media (infection of the ear) etc. are the main ones. Symptoms of these infections include sneezing, coughing, sore throat, headache, runny nose, etc.

Any type of infection in the throat, sinuses, trachea and lungs is called Respiratory Tract Infection (RTI). Cold is the biggest RTI problem. Doctors have identified RTI in two ways. These are-
1. Upper respiratory tract infection: An upper respiratory tract infection is an infection of the nose, ears, throat and sinuses. Tonsillitis (infection of the tonsils), sinusitis (infection of the sinuses), laryngitis (infection of the larynx), otitis media (infection of the ear) etc. are the main ones. Symptoms of these infections include sneezing, coughing, sore throat, headache, runny nose, etc.
2. Lower respiratory tract infection: Lower respiratory tract infection is an infection of the trachea and lungs. These include flu (infection of the respiratory tract), bronchitis (infection of the respiratory tract), pneumonia (infection of the lungs), tuberculosis or tuberculosis (chronic bacterial infection of the lungs).