- Femur : The femur is the long, cylindrical, strong and largest bone. It is composed of head, neck and trochanter. Its upper end is the head. There is a lesser and a greater trochanter on either side of the skull. Between the head and the greater trochanter is the trochanteric fossa. The lower end of the femur has two condyles. Between the two condyles are the foramen, the patellar articular surface, and the epicondyles on either side.
At the end of the femur is the triangular patella. The patella is a sesamoid bone. It originates from tendons. The top of the patella attaches to the femur and the bottom to the tibia.
- Tibia and Fibula : The two bones next to the femur are the tibia-fibula. The inner thick and large bone is called the tibia. The tibia is a tricuspid bone. Its edges are called ridges. At its upper end there are 2 condyles, 1 inflation, 2 connecting floors and 1 tuberosity. The lower extremity has 2 elevated parts called malleolus.
The outer thin and slender bone is called the fibula. The fibula looks like a long hexagon. Its head is open. It has the conjunctiva at its upper end and the malleolus at its lower end.
- Tarsal : The ankle bones are called tarsals. Its number is 7. These are calcaneum, talus, cuboid, navicular and 3 cuneiforms.
- Metatarsal : The bones of the foot are called metatarsals. Its number is 5. Bones are narrow, long, cylindrical and flat.
- Phalanges : The bones of the toes are called phalanges. There are 2 phalanges in the thumb and 3 in the other fingers for a total of 14 phalanges.
The bones of the feet are connected by joints. The largest joints are hip joint, knee joint and ankle joint.